The term 'supply chain' can be understood through a systems-thinking lens as the intricate network of entities, resources, and processes involved in the creation and delivery of goods and services from origin to end consumer. This includes the dynamic and often complex interactions between suppliers, manufacturers, logistics providers, warehouses, and retailers. Each component within this system is interdependent, and the flow of information, materials, and finances must be carefully orchestrated to achieve efficiency, resilience, and minimal ecological footprint. By viewing the supply chain holistically, we can better appreciate the interconnectedness of global commerce and the importance of sustainable practices to mitigate systemic vulnerabilities and foster ethical, scalable solutions in a rapidly evolving economic landscape.

See also: collective action, coordination failure, critical infrastructure, decision making